Field accumulation risks of heavy metals in soil and vegetable crop irrigated with sewage water in western region of Saudi Arabia
Identifieur interne : 000085 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000084; suivant : 000086Field accumulation risks of heavy metals in soil and vegetable crop irrigated with sewage water in western region of Saudi Arabia
Auteurs : Khaled S. Balkhair [Arabie saoudite] ; Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf [Malaisie]Source :
- Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences [ 1319-562X ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Wastewater irrigated fields can cause potential contamination with heavy metals to soil and groundwater, thus pose a threat to human beings . The current study was designed to investigate the potential human health risks associated with the consumption of okra vegetable crop contaminated with toxic heavy metals. The crop was grown on a soil irrigated with treated wastewater in the western region of Saudi Arabia during 2010 and 2011. The monitored heavy metals included Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn for their bioaccumulation factors to provide baseline data regarding environmental safety and the suitability of sewage irrigation in the future. The pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF) and contamination factor (CF) of these metals were calculated. The pollution load index of the studied soils indicated their level of metal contamination. The concentrations of Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr in the edible portions were above the safe limit in 90%, 28%, 83% and 63% of the samples, respectively. The heavy metals in the edible portions were as follows: Cr > Zn > Ni > Cd > Mn > Pb > Cu > Fe. The Health Risk Index (HRI) was >1 indicating a potential health risk. The EF values designated an enhanced bio-contamination compared to other reports from Saudi Arabia and other countries around the world. The results indicated a potential pathway of human exposure to slow poisoning by heavy metals due to the indirect utilization of vegetables grown on heavy metal-contaminated soil that was irrigated by contaminated water sources. The okra tested was not safe for human use, especially for direct consumption by human beings. The irrigation source was identified as the source of the soil pollution in this study.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.023
PubMed: 26858563
PubMed Central: 4705247
Affiliations:
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Balkhair</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af005">Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah 21589</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af010">Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah 21589</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" sort="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" uniqKey="Ashraf M" first="Muhammad Aqeel" last="Ashraf">Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af015">Faculty of Science & Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malaisie</country><wicri:regionArea>Faculty of Science & Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sabah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af020">Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malaisie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>50603 Kuala Lumpur</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">1319-562X</idno><idno type="eISSN">2213-7106</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Wastewater irrigated fields can cause potential contamination with heavy metals to soil and groundwater, thus pose a threat to human beings . The current study was designed to investigate the potential human health risks associated with the consumption of okra vegetable crop contaminated with toxic heavy metals. The crop was grown on a soil irrigated with treated wastewater in the western region of Saudi Arabia during 2010 and 2011. The monitored heavy metals included Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn for their bioaccumulation factors to provide baseline data regarding environmental safety and the suitability of sewage irrigation in the future. The pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF) and contamination factor (CF) of these metals were calculated. The pollution load index of the studied soils indicated their level of metal contamination. The concentrations of Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr in the edible portions were above the safe limit in 90%, 28%, 83% and 63% of the samples, respectively. The heavy metals in the edible portions were as follows: Cr > Zn > Ni > Cd > Mn > Pb > Cu > Fe. The Health Risk Index (HRI) was >1 indicating a potential health risk. The EF values designated an enhanced bio-contamination compared to other reports from Saudi Arabia and other countries around the world. The results indicated a potential pathway of human exposure to slow poisoning by heavy metals due to the indirect utilization of vegetables grown on heavy metal-contaminated soil that was irrigated by contaminated water sources. The okra tested was not safe for human use, especially for direct consumption by human beings. The irrigation source was identified as the source of the soil pollution in this study.</p></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Arabie saoudite</li><li>Malaisie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Arabie saoudite"><noRegion><name sortKey="Balkhair, Khaled S" sort="Balkhair, Khaled S" uniqKey="Balkhair K" first="Khaled S." last="Balkhair">Khaled S. Balkhair</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Balkhair, Khaled S" sort="Balkhair, Khaled S" uniqKey="Balkhair K" first="Khaled S." last="Balkhair">Khaled S. Balkhair</name></country><country name="Malaisie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" sort="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" uniqKey="Ashraf M" first="Muhammad Aqeel" last="Ashraf">Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" sort="Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel" uniqKey="Ashraf M" first="Muhammad Aqeel" last="Ashraf">Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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